Световен бъбречен ден: затлъстяване, хипертония и хронично бъбречно заболяване. Варненски нефрологичен форум, година 4, 2017, брой 1, 8-9
Автор: E Hall M1,2, Da Carmo J. M.2, Da Silva A.2, Juncos L.1,2, Wang Z.2, Hall J. E.2
Институция: 1Department of Medicine, 2Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
Резюме: Obesity is a major risk factor for essential hypertension, diabetes, and other comorbid conditions that contribute to development of chronic kidney disease. Obesity raises blood pressure by increasing renal tubular sodium reabsorption, impairing pressure natriuresis, and causing volume expansion via activation of the sympathetic nervous system and renin−angiotensin−aldosterone system and by physical compression of the kidneys, especially when there is increased visceral adiposity. Other factors such as inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipotoxicity may also contribute to obesity-mediated hypertension and renal dysfunction. Initially, obesity causes renal vasodilation and glomerular hyperfiltration, which act as compensatory mechanisms to maintain sodium balance despite increased tubular reabsorption. However, these compensations, along with increased arterial pressure and metabolic abnormalities, may ultimately lead to glomerular injury and initiate a slowly developing vicious cycle that exacerbates hypertension and worsens renal injury. Body weight reduction, via caloric restriction and increased physical activity, is an important first step for management of obesity, hypertension, and chronic kidneydisease.
However, this strategy may not be effective in producing long-term weight loss or in preventing cardiorenal and metabolic consequences in many obese patients. The majority of obese patients require medical therapy for obesity-associated hypertension, metabolic disorders, and renal disease, and morbidly obese patients may require surgical interventions to produce sustained weight loss.
Ключови думи: visceral adiposity, type II diabetes, sodium reabsorption, glomerular filtration rate, sympathetic nervous system, renin−angiotensin−aldosterone system
Как да цитирате: Световен бъбречен ден: затлъстяване, хипертония и хронично бъбречно заболяване. E Hall M, Da Carmo J. M., Da Silva A., Juncos L., Wang Z., Hall J. E. Варненски нефрологичен форум, 4, 2017, 1, 8-9
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